History of Kinson
4000,000B.C. to 10, 000 B.C.
Old Stone Age hand axes have been found in Talbot Woods, East & West Howe and Kinson areas. This is the earliest evidence that Palaeolithic man hunted on the gravel terraces on the south banks of the River Stour. It is believed that they hunted larger mammals, mammoth teeth have been found found at Little Canford.
12,000 to 10,000 B.C
The last Ice age saw the end of larger mammals. Man started to hunt smaller mammals, to fish and to go wild-fowling.
8,000 to 3,000 B.C.
Evidence of Mesolithic, or Middle Stone Age man have been found at a Turbary Common site. It is believed that the people belonged to hunting & fishing communities because a lot of flint artefacts used for hunting smaller mammals, birds and fishing where found.
3,000 B.C to 1,500 B.C
In the New Stone Age the Stour Valley with its fertile soil (alluvium) enabled Neolithic man to grow crops, like wheat and to herd animals. Ground & polished Neolithic axe-heads have been found near Kinson and it is believed that they where used for tree-felling to clear wooded areas for farming.
At Longham the skull of Neolithic man was found believed to be over 5,000 years old. Also as the banks of the River Stour have eroded numerous Neolithic Flint artefacts have been revealed. The the Kinson area arrow heads have been found.
About 1,800 B.C. race of people from North West France called Beaker folk. Some of their beakers have been unearthed from Talbot Woods and Kinson. These people farmed by moving around - shifting farming.
1,500B.C. to 600 B.C.
Bronze age farmers used the Kinson area for hunting. Evidence has been found of barbed and tanged arrowheads. On the ridge between Kinson Road and Daw’s Avenue some barrows or tumuli have been found and within them the remains of cremated dead buried in pottery urns.
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1,200 B.C
Bronze Age Deverel-Rimbury folk arrive in the Kinson area. Pottery urns have been found in a cremation cemetery at Kinson.
797 B.C to 41 A.D
Iron Age evidence that a settlement existed at Duke’s Coppice, Russel Road and Weyman’s Avenue. These people quarrelled a lot but also formed tribe called Durotriges.
41 A.D to 410 A.D.
Romans didn’t really leave evidence in area but used routes that pass through Kinson.
400 A.D. to 1066 A.D
Village of Kinson goes back to Saxon Times
Name Kinson= CYNESTAN’S (proper name) TUN (originally twig, then fence, then farm) piecec of fertile land bordering river and backed by rise on which to erect dwellings and build a church
Domesday Survey 1086 CHINESTANESTONE
Name changed KYNESTANTON (1231)
KENSTANESTON (1326)
KINSTANTON (1407)
KYNSTON (1662)
KINGSTON HOW (1771)
KINGSTON by 1800
Tithing of Kinson together with what are known as Hamworthy, Parkstone. Longfleet and Poole was held as part of the manor of CHENEFORD (Canford)
Edward Confessor’s time Kinson held by Ulwen – saxon thane who probably lost his life at Hastings
1066
After Norman Conquest Kinson was held with Canford , for King by Edward de Sarisberie
1086
Domesday Book entry
‘There is land for 9 plough teams. Of this there are in the lords’s demesne 5 hides and 1 virgate of land and therein 2 plough teams and 7 slaves and 18 villeins and 14 cotsets and 4 cotters with 7 plough teams. Therein also a mill bringing in 5 shillings and 1 acre of woodland and 95 acres of meadow. Pasture 3 leagues long and 13/4 wide.’
Ploughs = wealth village
Lord’s demesne= land that a family could cultivate (between 80 to 120 acres according to quality of land
Slaves with families lived within the domestic quarters of manor and were the complete servants of the lord.
Villeins – owned about 30 acres and a small number of cattle.
Cotsets owned 5 acres and a cottage
Everyone with corn to be ground had to pay the manorial mill for this service.
Woods were needed for timber and pannage (feeding pigs)
Meadowland good quality grassland (here was the best in the valley) and pastureland was rough grazing. Edward de Sarisberie was Sheriff of Wiltshire he had a steward in charge of Canford.
Kinson was a tithing within the Cogdean Hundred with Canford Magna, Longfleet, Parkstone, Charlton Marshall, Lytchett Minster, Sturminister Marshall, Hamworthly, Corfe Mullen. Almer and Lytchett Minster.
Each hundred had its own court and sent representatives to larger Shire Courts.
A manor was the area of land covered by the demesne of the lord of the manor and the lands from which he could also extract fees. It had its own court to deal with civil affairs. It included several tithings of the hundred or hundreds in which it was situated.
Late 15th Century manor consisted of tithings of Canford, Kinson ( included Parkstone) and Longfleet. Poole was anciently part of te tithings of Logfleet although the charter of 1248 gave it its own courts. Important court cases went before the Hundred or Shire courts.
Kinson linked to fate of Canford and Poole – Canford encouraged settlement of merchants, seaman and craftsmen increase money to estate.
1586
Poole separated from Candford – the lord receiving compensation for loss of income from Merchants etc.
1641
Muster List of men required for military service gives 77 names Lockier, Weyman, Barnes , Corbyn 5 abstainers, probably Catholics. X 2 for women and then x 10 for children = 257
1652
Rolls of the Hearth Tax showed Kinson had 86 dwellings. John Weaver’s house was taxed for 2 hearths.
1662-4
Rolls of the Hearth Tax Kinson had 96 dwellings
1672
The Rolls of Hearth Tax exemption rules had been reformed only 65 taxable hearths with 38 exemptions, making 103 in all. Tax 2s 0d levied annually on each hearth in the dwelling of every tax payer worth 20s 0d or more yearly = better houses were counted.
Major roads follow some of medieval tracks which crossed heaths from Poole to Longham, to Kinson and Christchurch.
Mid 18th Century
Poole Trust (turnpike) using older tracks laid out roads from Poole running Noth East towards Ringwood and East to Christchurch. Former ran via Shute Hill or Shute (Constitution Hill) and Ringwood Road to cross Stour at Longham. Before this more direct route to Longham via Bear Cross it had been necessary to veer to right down Poole Lane through Kinson and along Millhams to reach bridge at Longham. For Chrsitchurch the road still forked to right down Poole Lane to Kinson, Ensbury and beyond. Mainly gravel tracks over hung with trees Cottages mainly cob walls with thatched roofs.
1801
96 houses inhabitied by 497 people with 5 further houses empty. Employment – agriculture, brickworks, perfume factories(used local heather and gorse) started at Parkstone , Newtown until 1835.
Kinson tithing included the hamlet of Parkstone – employment extraction of salt from harbour water at Salterns.
1851
Enumerator’s returns for Kinson recorded that population was 907 with 200 dwellings.
Employment - Northern part of the parish - agriculture about 12 farms. Few domestic servants, with 2 or 3 carpenters, wheelwrights, shoemakers, shepherd, maltster, butcher, thatcher, cabinet maker, tanner, grocer. Domestic service- women also school mistress, lacemaker, grocer, baker, nurse, ropemaker, dressmaker, errand girl. Many paupers, male and female registered.
Southern part of the parish- agriculture equal number bricklayers, gardeners, only 2 farms- baker, shoemaker, boot maker, innkeeper, shipwright, cordwinder, canvas weaver, Paupers as well – didn’t live in poor house but at home
In 19th Century
Kinson’s Civil and Ecclesiatic jurisdiction – from Stour in North to coast in south to meet Longfleet and Canford Heath in west began to decrease in size.
1895
Civil Parish of Kinson with 400 electors and Parish council of 11 still under Poole County Council but postal address Bournemouth
1931
remainder of Kinson and Dorset portion Talbot Estate incorporated with Bournemouth, Hampshire.
1930
Amalgamate Kinson with Bournemouth. On 8th April 1931, after much argument, Bournemouth Borough boundary extended north to River Stour- then considered to be in Hampshire (not for church which is still in the Diocese Old Sarum and Dearnery of Poole).
No mains drainage or street lighting until 1920’s –roads made up – ponds and marshes that abound at the foot of heath levelled and filled in.
1931
Kinson became a ward of Bournemouth
1962
divided into North and South Kinson.
1974 to 1997
Bournemouth was an administrative district of Dorset.
1 April 1997
Bournemouth becomes a the unitary authority, Bournemouth Borough Council.
Census figures
1801 497
1811 517 with an approximate increase of 100 every 10 years until
1851 907
1861 1, 185
1871 1,187
1881 3, 745
1891 3,650
1901 1,752 after boundary reductions
1911 2, 752
1921 3, 429
1961 26, 807
1967 33, 000
Sources Old Kinson by S.J. Lands The Purbeck Press, Swanage 1980
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